Types of Fans
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A.C. Motor
Single Speed
Multi-Speed
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D.C. Motor
Brush-Type
Brushless
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Direct Drive
This is simply an impeller mounted on a drive shaft with a set of bearings within a housing. The drive shaft can be coupled to any rotating driver.
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Hydraulic
Once used for variable speed, these are not recommended. They are expensive, have long lead times, and leak.
Variable speed is best achieved using brushless DC or inverter driven AC motored fans.